How the Oil Industry Can Benefit from IoT Technology

In 2010, the Deepwater Horizon oil tragedy struck and took the nation's attention for months.

Two-hundred million gallons of oil spilled. Oil spread 16,000 miles across the coastline from Florida to Texas. 8,000 animals killed. 11 workers died in the explosion. The Deepwater Horizon spill brought Gulf communities to a halt, but lurking underneath this disaster was an older spill spewing from an oil platform that was damaged six years earlier.

Image Credit: Grist

CNN recently reported, "The Taylor oil spill is still surging after all this time; dumping what's believed to be tens of thousands of gallons into the Gulf per day since 2004."

By some estimates, the chronically leaking Taylor spill could soon be (cumulatively) larger than the Deepwater disaster. That would also make the Taylor spill one of the largest offshore environmental disasters in U.S. history.

In September, the Department of Justice submitted an independent study into the nature and volume of the spill. The study claims that previous evaluations of the damage, submitted by the platform's owner Taylor Energy Co. and compiled by the Coast Guard, significantly underestimated the amount of oil being let loose. Go figure.

According to the filing, "the Taylor spill is spewing anywhere from 10,000 to 30,000 gallons of oil a day."

Image Credit: Bureau of Ocean Energy Management

As for how much oil has been leaked since the beginning of the Taylor spill, it's hard to say. An estimate from SkyTruth, a satellite organization, put the total at "855,000 to 4 million gallons by the end of 2017." They continued, "If you do the math from the DOJ's filing, the number comes out astronomically higher: More than 153 million gallons over 14 years."

It's still unclear how the Taylor oil spill is being addressed by officials regarding an action plan for cleanup, current and future prevention, and ways to better detect these incidents occur.

So the questions become:

• How can we continue to grow and learn from these incidents?
• What new technologies are out there to enhance detection?
• What preventive measures should the oil industry be implementing that aren't currently in place?

5 Preventive Measures Currently in the Oil Industry 

Since BP's Deepwater Horizon oil spill, several preventive maintenance measures have been put in place for the oil industry; these measures should be coupled with an effective maintenance management system to allow managers to track and monitor asset functionality, locate work history, and plan for replacement/repair on said assets based on operating capabilities.

Preventive maintenance steps being performed today:

1. Stress tests performed to assess accuracy and tracking through management documentation
2. Better documentation of work orders and training crew members on new practices
3. Blueprint creation that allows users to use existing technology to respond quickly to oil spills and better assess the situation
4. New equipment that allows rigs to communicate with plans and ships more freely and coordinate response efforts to future spills
5. Remote operated vehicles, such as robots that serve as backup for crew members in disaster situations

These measures coupled with an EAM CMMS solution can help managers and engineers execute tasks properly and efficiently. 

However, over the last nine years, technology has advanced in areas such as IoT, Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality, and even drone maintenance. It is said, "[in] 2020, approximately 50 billion machines will be connected to the internet," making it easier for technology to guide the way engineers and workers interact and do their everyday jobs.

The oil industry could benefit from new innovations in IoT, specifically with respect to underwater communication systems.

The benefits of IoT for a number of industries are obvious—mainly the ability to monitor machines remotely and in real-time while ensuring safety and anticipating breakdowns. However, there are technical challenges when it comes to monitoring and communicating underwater. That's where IoT Underwater comes into play.

IoT Applications in the Oil Industry

IoT Underwater is a system made of unmanned vehicles that scour the sea while communicating with underwater sensors and sending the information to networks on the surface. 

This information can be used to detect:

• Early signs of tsunamis
• Surveying shipwrecks and crashes
• Health of animals
• Salinity and temperature changes 

This kind of IoT that senses and transmits data through water would be important in the protection of oceans and lakes. This type of technology could alert oil rigs and engineers of inadequacies under the shore alerting them something could be wrong before a catastrophe does occur and last for years. 

There are still challenges that scientists and engineers are facing when looking at the reality of IoT underwater, such as signal transmission, background noise, sensors come at a high cost, and the environment is ever-changing. 

Still, when looking into the future, companies are already searching for solutions to these challenges. There are underwater robots and prototypes being created to test out these roadblocks to see how communication is being translated from underwater to onshore devices.

It's a step in the right direction and a direction that industries, such as oil and gas, should consider when looking at innovative and safe ways to protect oceans and humans.

Written by Kelly Potter, Marketing Associate at Transcendent®